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Ceramic Materials' Character
Posted 2012-02-01 08:53:01
Ceramics and glasses are inorganic, nonmetallic materials consisting of metallic and nonmetallic elements bonded primarily with ionic and covalent bonds. These high strength bonds give rise to the special characteristics of these materials. They occupy a unique place in the spectrum of engineered materials offering many desirable alternatives to the metals and polymers in common usage.
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General Characteristics of Structural Materials
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Characteristic
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Ceramics
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Metals
|
Polymers
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| Density |
Low to High |
Low to High |
Low |
| Hardness |
High |
Medium |
Low |
| Tensile Strength |
Low to Medium |
High |
Low |
| Compressive Strength |
High |
Medium to High |
Low to Medium |
| Young’s Modulus |
Medium to High |
Low to High |
Low |
| Melting Point |
High |
Low to High |
Low |
| Dimensional Stability |
High |
Low to Medium |
Low |
| Thermal Expansion |
Low to Medium |
Medium to High |
High |
| Thermal Conductivity |
Medium |
Medium to High |
Low |
| Thermal Shock |
Low |
Medium to High |
High |
| Electrical Resistance |
High |
Low |
High |
| Chemical Resistance |
High |
Low to Medium |
Medium |
| Oxidation Resistance |
Medium to High |
Low |
Low |
| Machinability |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| . |
There are wide variations in the properties of ceramics and glasses due primarily to differences in bonding and wide variations in chemical composition. However, as a materials class, the following characteristics are typical.
- Low to moderate density compared to metals
- High modulus of elasticity (stiffness)
- Good strength retention at elevated temperatures
- Resistant to high temperature creep
- Dimensional stability
- High compressive strength
- Low to moderate tensile and shear strength
- High hardness
- Corrosion and oxidation resistant
- Good electrical insulation properties
- Wide range of thermal conductivity
- Wide range of thermal expansion coefficient
- Brittle
- Low impact strength
- Sensitive to thermal shock
Ceramics for engineering applications can be broadly broken into “traditional” and “new” materials. We define traditional materials as those produced from minerals mined directly from the earth. The newer ceramic materials, those with well defined and controlled properties are produced from nearly chemically and phase pure starting materials. Accuratus is capable of working with most of these material types.
An inventory of “new” ceramic materials is maintained at Accuratus for rapid fulfillment of your design requirements. We have a network of quality materials suppliers so that we can assure you of consistent quality materials for your applications.
Typical property characteristics for materials stocked at Accuratus are listed on each of the material pages. Personnel with extensive experience in ceramic manufacture, design and application are available for detailed discussions and consultation on the most appropriate ceramic available for your application conditions.
Source: accuratus.com
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